The computers have made our lives easy. No matter what the field is, Computer gives thousands of ways to solve a problem. This invention from mid-nineties has been the most useful invention ever made by human. But the thirst of speed in computers is still unquenched, we are trying to make high speed computers so that we could solve the problems in a fraction of a second.
Quantum Computer
The idea first came into the light in 1981 when a scientist Feynman proposed the idea that the computer can be combined with the quantum mechanics to speed up the processing of the computers. And then in 1994 this idea came in to an enormous light when Peter Shor gave his quantum factoring algorithm.
Nowadays Prof Seth Lloyd and his team mates are working on the only made basic quantum computer. Although this computer can only do some basic calculation but at a faster rate than a conventional computer does. The computer fits in a room, it is as large as the first conventional computer.
Quantum computer is a sequence of qubits, which can be in superposition of states. While in digital computers the data is stored in the digital bits either 0 or 1 at a time. The quantum computers are based on the principle of quantum entanglement.
What is Quantum Entanglement?
Quantum entanglement is a physical phenomenon that occurs when pairs or groups of particles are generated or interact in ways such that the quantum state of each particle cannot be described independently — instead, a quantum state may be given for the system as a whole.
Tough to understand? Let me explain you in simple words.
If the any two particles are entangled, then by measuring the spin and the properties of one particle, we may know the spin and properties of other particle without measuring the properties of other particle. It is true even if the two entangled particles are at the opposite end of the Universe. You can call it a spooky action between the particles. Many applications based on this principle came into light in last two decades such as teleportation and the quantum computing is one of them.
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How Quantum Entanglement is helpful in making Quantum Computer?
Think of puzzle that you are stick in the mid of a maze. Now conventional computer is finding the way to get out. It will check every way one by one, if it gets a way blocked then it will switch to the other way to find the way out.
But the fashion in which the quantum computer solves this problem is very different and time saving. Think of the quantum entangled particles, they are always connected and can transfer information, so the quantum computer can check all the ways at the same time and tell you the way to get out in a one go, saving a lot of time.
Think of this computer solving relatively big problems, it can save us a lot of time and can cause a revolution in the world of computers. Researchers are working on the computer and if they get successful it will be the biggest revolution ever in computer world. Although this technology would take more than 20 years to come into the full power. But it will be a big advancement, we can wait for it or can work in the field. You decide.
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